454 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
454 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
# NanoClaw 后端设计文档
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## 架构概览
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```mermaid
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graph TB
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subgraph Frontend[前端]
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UI[Vue 3 UI]
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end
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subgraph Backend[后端]
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API[Flask Routes]
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SVC[Services]
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TOOLS[Tool System]
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DB[(Database)]
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end
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subgraph External[外部服务]
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GLM[GLM API]
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WEB[Web Resources]
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end
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UI -->|REST/SSE| API
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API --> SVC
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API --> TOOLS
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SVC --> GLM
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TOOLS --> WEB
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SVC --> DB
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TOOLS --> DB
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```
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---
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## 项目结构
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```
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backend/
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├── __init__.py # 应用工厂，数据库初始化
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├── models.py # SQLAlchemy 模型
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├── run.py # 入口文件
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├── config.py # 配置加载器
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│
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├── routes/ # API 路由
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│ ├── __init__.py
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│ ├── conversations.py # 会话 CRUD
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│ ├── messages.py # 消息 CRUD + 聊天
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│ ├── models.py # 模型列表
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│ ├── stats.py # Token 统计
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│ └── tools.py # 工具列表
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│
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├── services/ # 业务逻辑
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│ ├── __init__.py
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│ ├── chat.py # 聊天补全服务
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│ └── glm_client.py # GLM API 客户端
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│
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├── tools/ # 工具系统
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│ ├── __init__.py
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│ ├── core.py # 核心类
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│ ├── factory.py # 工具装饰器
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│ ├── executor.py # 工具执行器
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│ ├── services.py # 辅助服务
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│ └── builtin/ # 内置工具
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│ ├── crawler.py # 网页搜索、抓取
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│ ├── data.py # 计算器、文本、JSON
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│ ├── weather.py # 天气查询
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│ ├── file_ops.py # 文件操作
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│ └── code.py # 代码执行
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│
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└── utils/ # 辅助函数
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├── __init__.py
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└── helpers.py # 通用函数
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```
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---
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## 类图
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### 核心数据模型
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```mermaid
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classDiagram
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direction TB
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class User {
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+Integer id
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+String username
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+String password
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+String phone
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+relationship conversations
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}
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class Conversation {
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+String id
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+Integer user_id
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+String title
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+String model
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+String system_prompt
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+Float temperature
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+Integer max_tokens
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+Boolean thinking_enabled
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+DateTime created_at
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+DateTime updated_at
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+relationship messages
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}
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class Message {
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+String id
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+String conversation_id
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+String role
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+LongText content
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+Integer token_count
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+LongText thinking_content
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+DateTime created_at
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+relationship tool_calls
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}
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class ToolCall {
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+Integer id
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+String message_id
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+String call_id
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+Integer call_index
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+String tool_name
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+LongText arguments
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+LongText result
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+Float execution_time
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+DateTime created_at
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}
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class TokenUsage {
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+Integer id
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+Integer user_id
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+Date date
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+String model
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+Integer prompt_tokens
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+Integer completion_tokens
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+Integer total_tokens
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+DateTime created_at
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}
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User "1" --> "*" Conversation : 拥有
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Conversation "1" --> "*" Message : 包含
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Message "1" --> "*" ToolCall : 触发
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User "1" --> "*" TokenUsage : 消耗
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```
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### 服务层
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```mermaid
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classDiagram
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direction TB
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class ChatService {
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-GLMClient glm_client
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-ToolExecutor executor
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+Integer MAX_ITERATIONS
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+sync_response(conv, tools_enabled) Response
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+stream_response(conv, tools_enabled) Response
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-_save_tool_calls(msg_id, calls, results) void
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-_message_to_dict(msg) dict
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-_process_tool_calls_delta(delta, list) list
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-_emit_process_step(event, data) void
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}
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class GLMClient {
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-str api_url
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-str api_key
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+call(model, messages, kwargs) Response
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}
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class ToolExecutor {
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-ToolRegistry registry
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-dict _cache
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-list _call_history
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+process_tool_calls(calls, context) list
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+build_request(messages, model, tools) dict
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+clear_history() void
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}
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ChatService --> GLMClient : 使用
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ChatService --> ToolExecutor : 使用
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```
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### 工具系统
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```mermaid
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classDiagram
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direction TB
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class ToolDefinition {
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<<dataclass>>
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+str name
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+str description
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+dict parameters
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+Callable handler
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+str category
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+to_openai_format() dict
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}
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class ToolRegistry {
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-dict _tools
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+register(ToolDefinition) void
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+get(str name) ToolDefinition?
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+list_all() list~dict~
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+list_by_category(str) list~dict~
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+execute(str name, dict args) dict
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+remove(str name) bool
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+has(str name) bool
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}
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class ToolExecutor {
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-ToolRegistry registry
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-dict _cache
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-list _call_history
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+process_tool_calls(list, dict) list
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+clear_history() void
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}
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class ToolResult {
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<<dataclass>>
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+bool success
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+Any data
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+str? error
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+to_dict() dict
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+ok(Any)$ ToolResult
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+fail(str)$ ToolResult
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}
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ToolRegistry "1" --> "*" ToolDefinition : 管理
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ToolExecutor "1" --> "1" ToolRegistry : 使用
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ToolDefinition ..> ToolResult : 返回
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```
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---
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## API 总览
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### 会话管理
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| 方法 | 路径 | 说明 |
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|------|------|------|
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| `POST` | `/api/conversations` | 创建会话 |
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| `GET` | `/api/conversations` | 获取会话列表（游标分页） |
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| `GET` | `/api/conversations/:id` | 获取会话详情 |
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| `PATCH` | `/api/conversations/:id` | 更新会话 |
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| `DELETE` | `/api/conversations/:id` | 删除会话 |
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### 消息管理
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| 方法 | 路径 | 说明 |
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|------|------|------|
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| `GET` | `/api/conversations/:id/messages` | 获取消息列表（游标分页） |
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| `POST` | `/api/conversations/:id/messages` | 发送消息（支持 SSE 流式） |
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| `DELETE` | `/api/conversations/:id/messages/:mid` | 删除消息 |
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### 其他
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| 方法 | 路径 | 说明 |
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|------|------|------|
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| `GET` | `/api/models` | 获取模型列表 |
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| `GET` | `/api/tools` | 获取工具列表 |
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| `GET` | `/api/stats/tokens` | Token 使用统计 |
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---
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## SSE 事件
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| 事件 | 说明 |
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|------|------|
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| `thinking_start` | 新一轮思考开始，前端应清空之前的思考缓冲 |
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| `thinking` | 思维链增量内容（启用时） |
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| `message` | 回复内容的增量片段 |
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| `tool_calls` | 工具调用信息 |
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| `tool_result` | 工具执行结果 |
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| `process_step` | 处理步骤（按顺序：thinking/tool_call/tool_result），支持交替显示 |
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| `error` | 错误信息 |
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| `done` | 回复结束，携带 message_id 和 token_count |
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### 思考与工具调用交替流程
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```
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iteration 1:
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thinking_start -> 前端清空 streamThinking
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thinking (增量) -> 前端累加到 streamThinking
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process_step(thinking, "思考内容A")
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tool_calls -> 批量通知（兼容）
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process_step(tool_call, "file_read") -> 调用工具
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process_step(tool_result, {...}) -> 立即返回结果
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process_step(tool_call, "file_list") -> 下一个工具
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process_step(tool_result, {...}) -> 立即返回结果
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iteration 2:
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thinking_start -> 前端清空 streamThinking
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thinking (增量) -> 前端累加到 streamThinking
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process_step(thinking, "思考内容B")
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done
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```
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### process_step 事件格式
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```json
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// 思考过程
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{"index": 0, "type": "thinking", "content": "完整思考内容..."}
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// 工具调用
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{"index": 1, "type": "tool_call", "id": "call_abc123", "name": "web_search", "arguments": "{\"query\": \"...\"}"}
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// 工具返回
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{"index": 2, "type": "tool_result", "id": "call_abc123", "name": "web_search", "content": "{\"success\": true, ...}", "skipped": false}
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```
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字段说明：
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- `index`: 步骤序号，确保按正确顺序显示
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- `type`: 步骤类型（thinking/tool_call/tool_result）
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- `id`: 工具调用唯一标识，用于匹配工具调用和返回结果
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- `name`: 工具名称
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- `content`: 内容或结果
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- `skipped`: 工具是否被跳过（失败后跳过）
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---
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## 数据模型
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### User（用户）
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| 字段 | 类型 | 说明 |
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|------|------|------|
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| `id` | Integer | 自增主键 |
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| `username` | String(50) | 用户名（唯一） |
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| `password` | String(255) | 密码（可为空，支持第三方登录） |
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| `phone` | String(20) | 手机号 |
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### Conversation（会话）
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| 字段 | 类型 | 默认值 | 说明 |
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|------|------|--------|------|
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| `id` | String(64) | UUID | 主键 |
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| `user_id` | Integer | - | 外键关联 User |
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| `title` | String(255) | "" | 会话标题 |
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| `model` | String(64) | "glm-5" | 模型名称 |
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| `system_prompt` | Text | "" | 系统提示词 |
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| `temperature` | Float | 1.0 | 采样温度 |
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| `max_tokens` | Integer | 65536 | 最大输出 token |
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| `thinking_enabled` | Boolean | False | 是否启用思维链 |
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| `created_at` | DateTime | now | 创建时间 |
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| `updated_at` | DateTime | now | 更新时间 |
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### Message（消息）
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| 字段 | 类型 | 说明 |
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|------|------|------|
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| `id` | String(64) | UUID 主键 |
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| `conversation_id` | String(64) | 外键关联 Conversation |
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| `role` | String(16) | user/assistant/system/tool |
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| `content` | LongText | 消息内容 |
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| `token_count` | Integer | Token 数量 |
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| `thinking_content` | LongText | 思维链内容 |
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| `created_at` | DateTime | 创建时间 |
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### ToolCall（工具调用）
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| 字段 | 类型 | 说明 |
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|------|------|------|
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| `id` | Integer | 自增主键 |
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| `message_id` | String(64) | 外键关联 Message |
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| `call_id` | String(64) | LLM 返回的工具调用 ID |
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| `call_index` | Integer | 消息内的调用顺序 |
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| `tool_name` | String(64) | 工具名称 |
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| `arguments` | LongText | JSON 参数 |
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| `result` | LongText | JSON 结果 |
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| `execution_time` | Float | 执行时间（秒） |
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| `created_at` | DateTime | 创建时间 |
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### TokenUsage（Token 使用统计）
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| 字段 | 类型 | 说明 |
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|------|------|------|
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| `id` | Integer | 自增主键 |
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| `user_id` | Integer | 外键关联 User |
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| `date` | Date | 统计日期 |
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| `model` | String(64) | 模型名称 |
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| `prompt_tokens` | Integer | 输入 token |
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| `completion_tokens` | Integer | 输出 token |
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| `total_tokens` | Integer | 总 token |
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| `created_at` | DateTime | 创建时间 |
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---
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## 分页机制
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所有列表接口使用**游标分页**：
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```
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GET /api/conversations?limit=20&cursor=conv_abc123
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```
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响应：
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```json
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{
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"code": 0,
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"data": {
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"items": [...],
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"next_cursor": "conv_def456",
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"has_more": true
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}
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}
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```
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- `limit`：每页数量（会话默认 20，消息默认 50，最大 100）
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- `cursor`：上一页最后一条的 ID
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---
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## 错误码
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| Code | 说明 |
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|------|------|
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| `0` | 成功 |
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| `400` | 请求参数错误 |
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| `404` | 资源不存在 |
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| `500` | 服务器错误 |
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错误响应：
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```json
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{
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"code": 404,
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"message": "conversation not found"
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}
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```
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---
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## 配置文件
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配置文件：`config.yml`
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```yaml
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# 服务端口
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backend_port: 3000
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frontend_port: 4000
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# GLM API
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api_key: your-api-key
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api_url: https://open.bigmodel.cn/api/paas/v4/chat/completions
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# 数据库
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db_type: mysql # mysql, sqlite, postgresql
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db_host: localhost
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db_port: 3306
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db_user: root
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db_password: ""
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db_name: nano_claw
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db_sqlite_file: app.db # SQLite 时使用
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```
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