diff --git a/dashboard/src/views/ConversationDetailView.vue b/dashboard/src/views/ConversationDetailView.vue
index 0c84f79..c1caa4b 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/views/ConversationDetailView.vue
+++ b/dashboard/src/views/ConversationDetailView.vue
@@ -136,7 +136,19 @@ const loadMessages = async () => {
     if (res.success) {
       messages.value = res.data.messages || []
       if (messages.value.length > 0) {
-        conversationTitle.value = res.data.title || ''
+        // 优先使用服务器返回的标题，否则用用户的第一条提问
+        if (res.data.title) {
+          conversationTitle.value = res.data.title
+        } else if (res.data.first_message) {
+          conversationTitle.value = res.data.first_message
+        } else {
+          // 查找用户的第一条消息作为标题
+          const userMsg = messages.value.find(m => m.role === 'user')
+          if (userMsg) {
+            // 截取前30个字符作为标题
+            conversationTitle.value = userMsg.content.slice(0, 30) + (userMsg.content.length > 30 ? '...' : '')
+          }
+        }
       }
     }
   } catch (e) {
@@ -211,6 +223,17 @@ const sendMessage = async () => {
             ...streamingMessage.value,
             created_at: new Date().toISOString()
           })
+          
+          // 如果标题为空，自动用第一条用户消息作为标题
+          if (!conversationTitle.value || conversationTitle.value === '新对话') {
+            const userMsg = messages.value.find(m => m.role === 'user')
+            if (userMsg) {
+              conversationTitle.value = userMsg.content.slice(0, 30) + (userMsg.content.length > 30 ? '...' : '')
+              // 调用 API 更新标题
+              conversationsAPI.update(conversationId.value, { title: conversationTitle.value })
+            }
+          }
+          
           streamingMessage.value = null
         }
         sending.value = false
diff --git a/dashboard/src/views/ConversationsView.vue b/dashboard/src/views/ConversationsView.vue
index c246000..19ab49b 100644
--- a/dashboard/src/views/ConversationsView.vue
+++ b/dashboard/src/views/ConversationsView.vue
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
     <div v-else class="list">
       <div v-for="c in list" :key="c.id" class="card" @click="$router.push(`/conversations/${c.id}`)">
         <div class="card-info">
-          <h3>{{ c.title || '未命名会话' }}</h3>
+          <h3>{{ c.title || c.first_message || '未命名会话' }}</h3>
           <p>{{ formatDate(c.created_at) }} • {{ c.model || '默认模型' }}</p>
         </div>
         <button @click.stop="deleteConv(c)" class="btn-delete">删除</button>
diff --git a/luxx/routes/conversations.py b/luxx/routes/conversations.py
index b0d3f1d..9722a05 100644
--- a/luxx/routes/conversations.py
+++ b/luxx/routes/conversations.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
 from luxx.database import get_db
-from luxx.models import Conversation, User
+from luxx.models import Conversation, Message, User
 from luxx.routes.auth import get_current_user
 from luxx.utils.helpers import generate_id, success_response, error_response, paginate
 
@@ -45,8 +45,21 @@ def list_conversations(
     """Get conversation list"""
     query = db.query(Conversation).filter(Conversation.user_id == current_user.id)
     result = paginate(query.order_by(Conversation.updated_at.desc()), page, page_size)
+    
+    items = []
+    for c in result["items"]:
+        conv_dict = c.to_dict()
+        # Get first user message for fallback title
+        first_msg = db.query(Message).filter(
+            Message.conversation_id == c.id,
+            Message.role == 'user'
+        ).order_by(Message.created_at).first()
+        if first_msg:
+            conv_dict['first_message'] = first_msg.content[:50] + ('...' if len(first_msg.content) > 50 else '')
+        items.append(conv_dict)
+    
     return success_response(data={
-        "items": [c.to_dict() for c in result["items"]],
+        "items": items,
         "total": result["total"],
         "page": result["page"],
         "page_size": result["page_size"]
diff --git a/luxx/routes/messages.py b/luxx/routes/messages.py
index 29177c7..3048f17 100644
--- a/luxx/routes/messages.py
+++ b/luxx/routes/messages.py
@@ -51,7 +51,8 @@ def list_messages(
     
     return success_response(data={
         "messages": [m.to_dict() for m in messages],
-        "title": conversation.title
+        "title": conversation.title,
+        "first_message": next((m.content[:50] + ('...' if len(m.content) > 50 else '') for m in messages if m.role == 'user'), None)
     })